News from Southeast Asia directly to your inbox every weekday.
The Mekong Memo is proudly presented by:
Horton International is your premier partner for executive search in Southeast Asia. Whether you're a small startup or a global corporation, our reliable and effective recruiting solutions are tailored to meet your unique needs. With extensive experience and offices across the region, we excel at overcoming recruitment challenges and securing top talent for your organization.
Click here to learn how Horton can make your life easier.
The Memo is published weekdays - Cambodia (every Monday), Myanmar (Tuesday), Laos (Wednesday), Vietnam (Thursday) and Thailand (Friday). The Thailand edition is free in its entirety; the others usually abbreviated for non-paid subscribers.
Please go to https://www.mekongmemo.com/account to select country editions you would like to receive without affecting your overall subscription status.
House Arrest and a Press Release
The junta says that Aung San Suu Kyi, 80, has been moved from Naypyidaw Prison to house arrest at an undisclosed location, and the remainder of her sentence will be served at a "designated residence.” Apparently the move is "to show humanitarian concern, and to demonstrate the kindness of the state." Her lawyers learned of the change from the news. Barred from seeing her in person since 2023, they told DVB that no meeting had taken place despite a Reuters report claiming otherwise. The photograph which state media ran as proof, showing Suu Kyi seated with two uniformed officers, was taken in 2022, according to her son Kim Aris, who has publicly demanded "proof of life" from Min Aung Hlaing and says he remains unsure if his mother is alive. A "Proof of Life" campaign has launched across Japan, South Korea, Australia, the UK, the US, and Canada.
Read more: DVB (international demands), Mizzima (Burma Campaign UK), The Diplomat (sentence timeline), BBC (battlefield)
Fourteen Down, Only Ninety to Go
The junta has clawed back 14 of the 104 towns that resistance forces have captured over the past 20 months. We’re not sure if that reads as comeback or a stalemate, but maybe it depends on who's briefing you. The list of recapture territories includes Lashio, Myawaddy, and Takaung (that one’s been held by NUG-aligned PDF fighters since mid-2024). The method is generally the same - airstrikes to soften things up, then ground troops to take control. On April 24, five bombing runs hit Lel Mu Thaw village in KNU-controlled Kyaukkyi Township, killing a 15-year-old and wounding five others. The territorial gains come alongside a Chinese pressure campaign that’s pushed ethnic armed groups, particularly in northern Shan State, toward ceasefires they didn't negotiate from strength.
Read more: Borderlens (Chinese pressure, EU sanctions), Mizzima (wounded names)
Timor-Leste Does What ASEAN Won't
A criminal file accusing Min Aung Hlaing of war crimes and crimes against humanity has reached Dili's Court of First Instance for judicial review, the next phase in proceedings that were begun in February by the Chin Human Rights Organization under universal jurisdiction. The allegations include the massacre of ten people, including a journalist and a 13-year-old boy who had his hands tied behind his back before his throat was slit, as well as an aerial attack on a hospital that killed four medical staff alongside four patients. Dili's reward for its efforts was the expulsion of its charge d'affaires from Naypyidaw. Cases against Min Aung Hlaing are now accumulating in Argentina, Turkey, the Philippines, and Timor-Leste, to say nothing of ongoing proceedings at the ICC and ICJ in The Hague.
Read more: The Diplomat (ASEAN chair recommendations), DVB (lead lawyer), Mizzima (Chin State atrocities)
China's Magnet Problem Has a Kachin Connection
Two-thirds of the terbium and dysprosium processed in China, the heavy rare earths inside pretty much every EV motor and wind turbine magnet, come from Myanmar, according to Chinese customs data. Mining sites in Kachin State numbered 300 in 2023, with a big increase coming after the 2021 coup let junta-aligned forces and ethnic armed groups carve up the most productive ground. Beijing also tightened its own environmental mining rules, which is part of why the digging migrated south across the border where things are more… shall we say, lax? The International Energy Agency's 2026 rare earths report has left Myanmar out of its main charts, blaming a lack of reliable reserve data.
Read more: Dandc EU
Myanmar Shell Game on the Thai Bourse
Shareholders of Thai-listed Advanced Connection Corporation voted nearly nine-tenths in favor of a 300-million-baht private placement on April 27, giving two Singapore companies, Sky Avia Trading and Heli Asia Trading, a combined 23.25% stake that would make them ACC's largest shareholder bloc. Both belong to arms broker Kyaw Min Oo's Sky Aviator network, which supplies parts for Russian combat aircraft to the Myanmar Air Force. On paper, the companies are owned by Wee Lee Lian, Kyaw Min Oo's longtime nominee director, a structure that was put in place after public scrutiny of his arms brokering in 2022. Justice For Myanmar has flagged the deal to Thailand's SEC, SET and Anti-Money Laundering Office, and ACC's own financial advisor recommended against approval. The SEC told ACC to give shareholders “sufficient information.” Shareholders approved it anyway.
Read more: Mizzima
Delhi's Admiral Drops By the Junta's Frigate
Indian Navy chief Admiral Dinesh Tripathi boarded the Myanmar Navy frigate UMS Kyan Sit Thar this week, and then took a tour of the Central Naval Command in Yangon as well as the Naval Training Command. He took the opportunity to hand over a containerized small arms simulator and a rigid inflatable boat for "maritime security in the Bay of Bengal region." The four-day trip finishes today with sit-downs in Naypyidaw alongside Defence Minister General Htun Aung, armed forces chief General Ye Win Oo, and navy commander Admiral Htein Win. Delhi does this work under the flag of its MAHASAGAR vision and in light of the 1,640-kilometre border it shares with Nagaland and Manipur.
Read more: Edexlive (training handover), Times of India (2017 MoU, IMNEX), Economic Times (meeting roster), Economic Times (Neighbourhood First framing), Stratnewsglobal (diplomat dinners, ship captain)
Arakan Army Reopens the Border, Pockets a Fee
The Teknaf inland port on the Naf River took its first cargo in more than a year on May 2, when a vessel arrived carrying 963 timber logs valued at roughly $16,000. It’s a modest figure, but the reopening matters less for what was on the boat than for the fact that it was the Arakan Army who waved it through. The AA now controls the full 271-kilometer border stretch with Bangladesh. Port officials say the one-year-and-17-day closure left more than 1,000 workers without income, and traders are now pushing Dhaka to expand things further.
Read more: Narinjara
Stars and Stripes Back in Mandalay
The U.S. Embassy reopened the Jefferson Center in Mandalay on April 30, with Charge d'Affaires Doug Sonnek hosting a reception in the heritage building, which has now been structurally reinforced after last year’s earthquake. Twenty days after Min Aung Hlaing's inauguration by a pro-military parliament, Washington has reopened its cultural outpost.
Read more: DVB
Five Years of Five Points
ASEAN heads to its May 2026 Cebu summit with 201 civil society groups telling the bloc to shut the door on anyone linked to Myanmar's junta. An April 24 open letter argues the Five-Point Consensus has given the generals five years of impunity even though their campaign of terror grinds on. On the same day, the ASEAN Chair welcomed "the release of U Win Myint," pointedly skipping his presidential title, and referred to Daw Aung San Suu Kyi without calling her State Counselor. ASEAN has barred "non-political representatives" from Myanmar since 2021, a line the signatories say is nowhere near enough as the junta gets post-election structures ready in a bid to walk right back into the room.
Read more: Mizzima (EU €15M pledge), Borderlens (Thailand FM visit)
Red Zone Press Edition
The more things change, the more they stay the same. Myanmar has been ranked 166th of 180 countries on RSF's World Press Freedom Index, a position that keeps it firmly in the "red" category after the junta shepherd’s-hooked four more publishing licenses this year over allegations of “harming national security and public peace.” Eighteen journalists are still locked up.
Read more: BNI Online
That's all for this week, thanks for reading. Your voice matters to us. Feel we're missing something? Have additional sources to suggest? Don't hold back- hit reply and tell us what you think.
If you value the Mekong Memo, please consider buying (or gifting!) a paid subscription, sharing it on social media or forwarding this email to someone who might enjoy it. Please also “like” this newsletter by clicking the ❤️ below (or sometimes above, depending on the platform), which helps us get visibility on the Substack network.



